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Solar Yield blog

These articles answer the questions people ask before they buy solar panels. Each one checks its numbers against primary sources, because you should see where each figure comes from.

Most posts link to a city page or a service guide, while the FAQs give short answers. Start with output if you are new to solar, then read about costs and batteries.

Each post names its sources in the text, and the figures link to the page that published them. For example, output figures come from PVGIS, while price cap figures come from Ofgem.

The date under each title shows when we last reviewed the post, because prices and rules change over time. If you spot an out-of-date figure, the complaints and corrections page explains how to tell us.

Solar Yield is an independent estimator and enquiry-referral service, not an installer, lender or broker. We write these articles to help you ask better questions. We never rank an installer or promise a saving.

Every article ends with short answers to common questions, so you can scan for what you need first. We also add a link to our enquiry form where it helps.

Every article also lists the official pages we used. Use the links to reach the calculator or a city page, since both turn the general advice into numbers for your home.

All articles

Output

North-facing solar panels: are they worth installing in the UK?

North facing solar panels in the UK make roughly 45% less than south facing ones at a typical 35 degree pitch. See the PVGIS figures and what to try first.
Planning

How many solar panels do I need? Sizing a system for your home

Most UK homes fit 2kWp to 6kWp of solar. See how your yearly electricity use, roof space and PVGIS output turn into a sensible system size and its cost.
Output

The best tilt angle for solar panels in the UK

PVGIS puts the best tilt for UK solar panels at about 39 to 43 degrees, but 30 to 45 degrees barely changes output. See the figures by angle and by city.
Output

East-west solar panels: how much output do you lose?

East or west facing solar panels in the UK make roughly 15% to 20% less than south facing ones. See PVGIS figures, the kWh gap and when it still pays.
Output

How much electricity does a 4kW solar system generate in the UK?

A 4kWp UK solar system makes roughly 3,400 to 4,600 kWh a year, depending on where you live. See PVGIS figures for three cities and what that is worth.
Installation

How to check a solar quote and its MCS performance estimate

Learn how to compare solar quotes in the UK. Check the MCS output estimate, cost per kW, installer certification and grid paperwork before you sign anything.
Batteries

Is a solar battery worth it in the UK? A plain-numbers check

A solar battery costs about £5,000 to £8,000 and saves the gap between import and export rates. Here is the plain arithmetic and when a battery may pay back.
Output

kWh per kWp explained: the one number that predicts solar output

kWh per kWp tells you how much electricity each kilowatt of panels makes in a year. See UK city figures from PVGIS and how to use them to check any quote.
Tariffs

Smart Export Guarantee explained: what your exported power is worth

The Smart Export Guarantee pays you for solar power you send to the grid. See who qualifies, what tariffs pay today and why self-use is still worth more.
Output

Solar panel degradation: how much output you lose each year

Solar panels lose a little output every year. A major NREL review found a median of 0.5% a year. See what that means for UK systems, warranties and payback.
Output

Solar panel output in winter: what UK homes can expect

In December a 4kWp UK system makes roughly 110 to 140 kWh, about 3% of its annual total. See the PVGIS winter figures for Manchester, Leeds and Norwich.
Costs

Solar panel payback period: how to work out your own

Work out your own solar panel payback period in the UK. Use installed cost, PVGIS output, the price cap and export rates, with worked examples for three cities.
Installation

Solar panel shading: how much it costs you and when optimisers help

Shade from a chimney, tree or neighbour can cut solar output more than panel choice. See how installers score shade, what optimisers do and what to ask for.
Planning

Do you need planning permission for solar panels in the UK?

Most UK roof solar needs no planning permission, but rules differ in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. See the limits, exceptions and grid steps.
NEXT STEP

Model your system, then get quotes when you're ready.